Nelson Barbosa is a Brazilian Economist with a long experience in the Government sector. He was Finance Minister and Planning Minister during the second Rousseff administration (2015-16), Deputy Finance Minister during Rousseff’s first administration (2011-13), and Secretary of Economic Monitoring and Economic Policy in Lula’s second administration (2007-10). He also worked as an analyst at the Brazilian Central Bank (1994-97) and was Chair of the Non-Executive Board of Bank of Brazil (2009-13).

Since 2023, he is a Director at the Brazilian National Development Bank (BNDES), currently in charge of budget and planning, project preparations, and institutional relations. On the academic side, Nelson Barbosa holds a PhD in economics from the New School for Social Research and is a Professor of Public Policy at the Getulio Vargas Foundation, and Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Brasilia.